Overview
Dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist showing superior weight loss and glucose control compared to single GLP-1 agonists. Novel dual agonist mechanism.
Approval status across major regulatory agencies worldwide.
Mechanism of Action
Activates both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, synergistically enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, reducing glucagon, delaying gastric emptying, and suppressing appetite.
Stability & Storage
| Form | Storage Conditions | Shelf Life |
|---|---|---|
| Lyophilised (Freeze-Dried) |
Store at 2-8°C (36-46°F) in original carton to protect from light. Do not freeze. Shelf life: 24 months. | 24 months |
| Reconstituted Solution |
After first use, pen may be stored at 2-8°C or at room temperature (up to 30°C) for up to 21 days. Discard if frozen. | 21 days |
- Always store in original packaging until ready to use
- Protect from light, moisture, and temperature fluctuations
- Never refreeze after thawing
- Use proper sterile technique when reconstituting
- Discard if solution becomes cloudy or discolored
Target Information
- Pancreatic beta and alpha cells
- adipose tissue
- hypothalamus
- cardiovascular tissue
- Pancreas
- brain (appetite centers)
- stomach
- heart
- liver
- adipose tissue
Pharmacokinetics: Half-Life by Administration Route
The biological half-life varies significantly depending on the route of administration. This affects dosing frequency and duration of action.
| Administration Route | Half-Life | Clinical Implications |
|---|---|---|
| Subcutaneous (SC) | Approximately 5 days (approximately 117 hours), allowing once-weekly administration | Slower absorption, sustained release, most common route |
Note: Half-life values can vary between individuals based on factors including age, metabolism, kidney/liver function, and co-administered medications.
Molecular Structure
Amino Acid Sequence
2D Chemical Structure
2D Structure Visualization Pending
This peptide contains 39 amino acids.
For larger peptides, the amino acid sequence (shown above) provides the most accurate representation of structure.
2D chemical structure visualization is most effective for peptides with <10 amino acids.
3D Molecular Model
3D structure model will be available soon
Structure visualization powered by 3Dmol.js (integration pending)
Peptide Composition & Modifications
Amino Acid Composition
Post-Translational Modifications
Terminus Modifications
Terminal modifications can protect against exopeptidase degradation and modulate biological activity.
Nomenclature
- Mounjaro
- Zepbound
- LY3298176
Dosage & Administration
SC injection: 2.5 mg weekly (starting), titrate up to 15 mg weekly
This information is for educational purposes only. Dosing should only be determined by a qualified healthcare provider based on individual patient needs and medical history.
Side Effects & Safety
Common Side Effects
Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, decreased appetite, constipation, dyspepsia
Warnings & Precautions
Thyroid C-cell tumors, pancreatitis, hypoglycemia with insulin
Research & Clinical Status
FDA approved 2022. Multiple phase 3 trials completed (SURPASS, SURMOUNT).
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new treatment or medication. The information provided here is based on available scientific literature and may not be complete or up-to-date.